With this new business arrangement, the
power and wealth of the Mexican drug cartels exploded. the polydrug trafficking Herrera and Zambrana families. 5. In the summer of 1995, the Colombian cartels fell under a renewed attack and
received even more pressure from the Colombian National Police, who were aided
by the American CIA and DEA. On August 3, 1999, after months of discussion, Mexico's two main opposition
parties [the conservative National Action Party (PAN) and the center-left Party
of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)], announced an agreement to form a grand
coalition and to present a united front for the presidential elections in July
of 2000 (AFP, 8/4/99). Everyone had to do it" (AFP,
5/30/99). Assured of winning
the election after being "fingered" by then President Carlos Salinas,
Colosio made the error of espousing the need to move toward democracy and
suggesting a need to help the poor. They must particularly resist the powerful
and deeply entrenched forces within the Mexican culture that will attempt to
deflect this electoral revolution into a "business as usual" reality
and the continuance of the well-established governmental connections with the
region's drug cartels. Rebel leaders such as Emiliano Zapata and Poncho Villa
captured the public's attention and generated a significant measure of popular
support. ",
8/19/99, internet. Presidents Clinton and Fox, as well as former president Zedillo have at least
publicly proclaimed their mutual support and cooperation in the cartel wars,
noting the pressing need for cooperative law enforcement ventures on both sides
of the border (Reuters, 5/7/97). Nope just a typical Federal Government clean up to gain points for upcoming elections . AFP, "Son of Puerto Rico's top cop among accused drug traffickers,"
8/26/99, internet. In the first four months of the year 2000, the Beta officers reported
that they assisted more than 12,000 illegals who found themselves in
life-threatening situations. AFP, "Opposition alliance would win Mexican election in 2000:
survey," 7/29/99, internet. Most of the Original cartel de durango guys are retired or dead.. most herreras sided with cartel de juarez in the 2000s and got kicked out by CDS around 2011. The bells and whistles were brought
out, Congressional Committees examined the issues, and numerous public relations
statements were released by the Clinton Administration. Associated Press, "Mexico bank aid costs exceed plans," 8/31/99,
internet. Reuters, "7 members of Mexico's anti-drug force arrested," 5/13/97,
internet. They are increasingly recruiting police
and military personnel for their expertise and intelligence (UPI, 5/13/97). Some of
that embezzled money was also distributed as campaign contributions to several
other PRI members, namely Renato Bega from Sinaloa, Eduardo Robledo from Chiapas,
and more recent reports suggest that President Zedillo also accepted illegal
contributions from Peniche. Horacio
Brunt, the man credited with the capture of Garcia-Abrego in January of 1996,
was dismissed from his position in the August 1996 purge of corrupt Federal
officers. Most of the coca
crop is grown in Peru and Bolivia and then taken to Colombia to be turned into
the final product, cocaine. And This UPDATE from Mexico-Translated by Havana: The Federal Police 27-36. In January of 2000 for example, there was a
running fire fight near El Paso, Texas between several U.S. law enforcement
officers and several Mexican military personnel who had driven across the border
in broad daylight. As far back as 1957, the Herrera organization ran a farm-to-the-arm heroin operation that cultivated opium poppy plants, processed and packaged heroin in Mexico, and transported it to Chicago. arrest and long-term incarceration of three key Chicago-based members of the In the fall of each year, the State Department provides the President with
a brief synopsis of drug producing and transit countries' drug fighting efforts. The overall estimate of the total illegal
immigrant population in the U.S. ranges from 5 to 6 million, and is growing. Only recently has
there been even a crack in PRI dominance. Overall,
Mexican officials estimate that there are 3 million undocumented Mexicans in
America at present (AFP, 9/27/00). Both were "conveniently" assassinated; one in March
and the other in September, and Zedillo was subsequently "elected"
President. alleged member of the Pacific drug cartel, to the press in Mexico City, Tuesday The major economic problem is a bank bailout issue, the scope of which
dwarfs the country's financial capabilities. The hypocrisy of the United States, the worlds' largest
consumer of illicit drugs, passing judgement and issuing sanctions if other
nations refuse to fight the drug war in ways the United States itself refuses to
do, is not lost on leaders both north and south of the border (AFP, 2/27/98;
McMahon, 1996; Moore and Anderson, 1996). They face federal corruption charges for allowing drugs to cross the border. Given the obvious stature of the military within the
political culture of Mexico (or of any nation for that matter) and the deeply
entrenched/tap root nature of its involvement in the drug trade, one could
easily argue that they are perhaps the most dangerous, the most insipidus, and
surely destined to be the most enduring of all the Mexican drug cartels. Reuters, "U.S.-Mexico drug conspiracy is broken up," 2/27/98,
internet. Those dollars are integral
to the current Mexican economy, and because of that, an anti-drug cartel
position carries no political capital in Mexico at present. This point warrants
reiteration. In 1997, some 3,500 vehicles were stolen in El Paso and
smuggled into Mexico, many ending up in the hands of corporate executives and
government officials. AFP, "President Zedillo and Governor Bush open an international
bridge," 9/3/99, internet. AFP, "Mexican opposition, ruling party running neck-and-neck:
poll," 8/30/99, internet. AFP, "Mexico rejects US extradition request for drug kingpin,"
5/21/99, internet. 9. As previously noted,
however, one of the major tools currently used in the drug war, the
certification process, seems only to aggravate the rift between the two
countries. Consider this parallel example from another Meso-American nation. But Mexican leadership also benefit from this charade, for
they use it as a smoke screen to help the cartels with which they have become
aligned. She and her family were killed in 1996, and the publisher
has left the books in the warehouse. In the past few years, the Mexican military has become more and more aggressive
in the border regions, shaking down ethnic Mexicans with impunity, regardless of
citizenship and regardless of which side of the border they were on. The disruptive impact of his death is still evident today and
investigations are unlikely to ever fully reveal the entire scope of the
assassination plot. The President makes a preliminary certification decision and forwards this
decision on to the Chairs of the House International Relations Committee, the
Senate. Have the cartels become more subtle and astute in
their campaign fund laundering procedures? Use these stars ("0" you like little, "5" you like a lot) to rate with your opinion. A bodyguard of El G1 was said to have been shot in the arm during the ensuing confrontation however the soldier managed to get G1 to surrender. For a while, the
Herrera's were running Colombian cocaine into the United States for the Medellin
and then the Cali Cartels. Leadership of this cartel is currently
being contested, but Adado' brother Vicente seems now to have gained control. Gacha, nicknamed "the Mexican," was very
impressed with the efficient Mexican smuggling operations and felt comfortable
doing business with them. a year. It was not lost to U.S. In its 1998 annual report to Congress on human
rights, the White House noted that "corruption is rife within the ranks of
Mexico's police and members of the security forces" (UPI, 1/30/98). He has returned several
occasions since, including a visit in October of 2000 (AFP, 10/3/00). Some success was achieved, but the Puerto Rican connection suffered a
major blow however, in August of 1999 when 58 persons, including a number of
American Airline personnel, local Puerto Rican law enforcement officials, a
federal employee, and the son of Puerto Rico's chief law enforcement official
were arrested on drug trafficking charges (AFP, 8/26/99). Climate. In
addition, the strategy will utilize satellite photography and specialized
computer systems in order to coordinate land and sea tracking efforts. Excelsior editors sold
themselves and their newspaper to the PRI in the late 1920s, and as a result, Excelsior
emerged in the 1930s as Mexico's national paper. established connections in South America and had diversified into cocaine. Trejo was in charge of many drug trafficking
investigations under the Salinas administration. Mexico appeared to be poised to make a long-term run at
improving their economy. A new economic crisis lies in Mexico's very immediate future, however. Ritter, John, "Growers push plan to legalize workers," USA Today,
November 19, 1999, p. 7. mid-1970s, the DEA traced just under $2 million from these exchanges and , Sinaloa. It is estimated that 5,000 people per month enter
the United States illegally just from Ciudad Juarez alone (AFP, 5/19/99). Will the Mexican cartels try their hand in the burgeoning
European economies or limit their focus to the western hemisphere? Many have continued
to move in that fashion, but the Colombians have now returned as the Mexican
cartel's primary supplier of heroin and cocaine. He had undergone plastic surgery
in the past, and was attempting to further alter his appearance to conceal his
identity from American government authorities. Jos Luis Cabrera Sarabia, alias "El 03, Luis Alberto Cabrera Sarabia, alias El Arqui. AFP, "For Mexicans, Carlos Salinas is a favorite villain," 6/14/99,
internet. For example,
cooperative ventures are now underway between the Juarez Police Department and
the El Paso Police Department to respond to the stolen vehicle trade between
these two cities. "HEARST" and "Redlogarythm" for Borderland Beat This week, a pamphlet showing the rules of conduct given to hitmen in "Sol Prendido" for Borderland Beat The United Nations warns in a new report that insecurity in the capital has reached levels com "Sol Prendido for Borderland Beat The war begins in Tamaulipas. To date however, some very public and seemingly legitimate efforts are being
undertaken by President Fox in an attempt to steer his nation down this new
path, and he has taken a very aggressive public position on a number of fronts
since his election. El Blog de Los Guachos Share to Twitter In Los Herrera there is a very characteristic age structure of the population, which you can see in the following population pyramid, with data from 2005. McMahon, Colin, "U.S. pressure in drug war angers Mexico," Chicago
Tribune, 2/5/96, p. 1. AFP, "Mexico City police chief resigns," 12/11/97, internet. Weymouth, Lally, "The End of An Era?" These groups have accumulated more than $5.3 billion in the past eight years,
primarily through the drug trade ($2.3 billion), but also via kidnaping ($1.8
billion) and extortion ($1.2 billion) (Criminal Organizations, May 1999). AFP, "Mexico denounces backlash in Costa Rica over Hank affair:
ambassador," 6/10/99, internet. Lucky for Enrquez Herrera, a generous benefactor was able to step in and lend him the money he needed to complete the project. The Calexico area was once a relatively easy target for
smugglers with only 81 agents assigned to patrol the area in 1996, and only a
small handful of those 81 agents worked any given night shift. That particular day, he and then Mexican President Ernesto
Zedillo dedicated a bridge between Mexico and American, the 25th bridge that
spans the border between these two countries. Mexico experienced 40 to 50 gangland
slayings in the following six months (Reuters, 2/13/98). These
stolen vehicles, generally referred to as "hot chocolate," are usually
marketed to relatively low-income households and are sold for between $500 (for
an older car) to $2,000 (for a much sought after mini-van)(AFP, 10/22/00). Yes, access the map, zoom in and see the surroundings of this town and the municipality of Santiago Papasquiaro. The army detained 34
police officers along with him on suspicion of protecting him. While This matter is being re-assessed in light of adamant demands on the part
of American agents to be able carry their weapons into Mexico (Reuters,
10/22/97). In
December of 1994, newly appointed federal police chief Juan Pablo de Tavia was
poisoned in his sleep. Since 1990,
the number of United States attorneys in the region has gone up 80 percent; the
budget for the United States Customs Service has increased by 72 percent since
1993 (McCaffrey, 1997). The Steigenberger Parkhotel at Konigsallee 1a, known in short as the KO, is one of the best hotels in Dusseldorf. performed the chemical processes for the production of methamphetamine, whose This will help the government to confront the challenges linked to
the bank bailout, and to intervene and stabilize markets in case of a currency
crisis (AFP, 6/15/99). The matter has become
more convoluted due to the recent emergence of a powerful right-wing entity, the
Self-Defense Force. At present, there is no anti-cartel sentiment among the
Mexican populous, and that fact has a great deal to do with the longevity and
vibrancy of these organized crime entities.
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